Electromagnetic device



Aug. 7, 1923.

1,463,831 D. D. MILLER ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVI CE Filed May 5, 1921 2Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 7, 1923. 1,463,831 D. D. MILLER ELECTROMAGNETICDEVICE Filed May 5, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I 04044 V W 6"? Patented-UNITED STATES PATENT- t or ncni I -'In'a1nnr. n. man, or new roan, n.Y., assmuoa 'ro wmm nae-rare comm, i

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ILECTBOIAGNETIG DEVICE.

-. Application fled lay 5,1021. lcrtallo. mp4s.

Toallwbom it mayconccm'i. a

' Be it known that I, DANIEL D. a citizen of the United States,.res1d1nat New Yor in the county. of New ork, ,5 State of ew York, have inventedcertain new and'useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Devices, of whichthejoll owing is a full, clear, concise, and exact description;

This invention relates to electromagnetic 19 relays, and particularly tothat type known as polarized rela s.

An object of t is invention is to provide asimple and extremelysensitive polarized relay of such structure as to successfully avoidresidual magnetism in the armature.

A second object of this invention 1s to provide a relay structure thatwill successfully operate on alternating current to produce sustainedoperation an 'auxilia circult.

g9 The relay of this invention is c aracterized by the use of apolarizing magnet havwith the middle (poles and by the wherein the poingthree prong pole pieces prong adjustable at both ma etic-circuitsemploye larlzing flux flows across the armature at right-angles theretoand the operating flux flows lengthwise in the armature in opposin%directions. Y j 7 he above mentioned features and other 4 9 novelfeatures will be more thoroughly understoodfrom the accompanyingillustrative drawin and detailed description.

Figure 1 1s a perspective view of one embodiment of the relay of thisinvention at showingthe three prong pole piece construction with allprongs in the same plane.

Figure 2 is an outline View of the apparatus of Figure 1, showingparticularly the electric and magnetic circuits used. A;

' local relay circuit is shown which is useful in conjunction with thealternating current operation of the relay of this invention.

Figure 3 discloses another embodiment oi this invention wherein thethree prong pole 4a pieces are shown as three prongs cr projections onT-shaped bases. In detail refernng to Figures and Q,

' there is-disclosed a permanent magnet 1 hav= ing tri furcated p piecesconsisting respectively of members 2 and 4 of fixed lengths relative tothe connecting base of 'the pole piece and member 3 located betweenmembers 2 and 4 and adjustable as to its projection; also similarmembers on the pole pieces of opposite polarity consisting I 8 of thearmature head attache pole piece members 2 and 5 and the opposite in thesame plane with corresponding end faces adjacent. A T-shaped armature isattached between the end faces of the end members ofthe pole pieces,havin one end between adjustend 10 of the armature head attached betweenend pole piece members 4 and 7. Both ends of this armature head aredisclosed as separated from actual contact with the pole piece membersmentioned by pieces of non-magnetic material 38. The shank 9 of theT-sha d armature rojects substantially at rig t angles to t 0 head andat such a position in the armature structure as to bring the junction ofthe head and shank of the armature adjacent and between the end faces ofthe middle members of said trifurcated pole pieces. The armature head isslotted at either'side of the shank, producing necks or constrictions atthe center portion of the armature. The urpose in using an armature ofthis kind 1s to allow a more complete motion of its various parts. Withthis structure, the armature may be considered as fulcrumed either atthe junction of the end members of the pole pieces or at the necksjoining the shank and head of the T-structure or at both theselocations. A more complete discussion of the bending motion in thisarmature will be given later. A contact member 13 is mounted near theend of the shank 9 of the armature and is i cocperable with adjustablecontact members M and 15 disclosed in this figure as mounted in asupporting metallic frame work, thus short circuiting the contacts 14and 15. However, this short circuiting feature is involved in but oneembodiment of 7 piece of the figure, three parallel paths for 'ing ofthe ma gnp and a wee ening of the magnetic field 1n the upper airgap ofthe figure, thus the flux of the permanent magnet, or the polarizingflux, are formed as disclosed by the light dot-dash lines of thedrawings through the pole-piece structure. These paths may be tracedfrom the upper permanent magnet pole of the drawing, in the first case,through left-hand upper polepiece member 2, left-hand end of armaturemember 8 and perpendicular thereto, lefthand lower pole-p1ece member 5to the lower permanent me not ole; in the second case,

through the a justa le middle member 3 oi the upper pole-piece, theupper air gap, the junction end of the shank of the T -shaped armature,the lower air gap, the adi'usteble middle member 6' of the lower poe-piece to the lower permanent magnet pole; an in the third case, in amanner similar to the first case mentioned, from the upper magnet polethrough the right-hand member 4 or the upper pole-piece, right-hand endof armature member 10 and erpendicular thereto, right-hand lower po-epiece member 7 to the ower permanent magnet pole. From the junction ofthe parallel flux paths in the lower magnet pole, the combined fluxtraverses the remainder of the polarizing magnetic circuit through thebody of the permanent magnet l. The en ergizing coilslfi and 17 aredisclosed as connected in series and op ositely wound about the twoortions of te armature associated with t e trifurcated magnetpolepieces. With'like adjustment of pole-piece members 3 and 6 and withno current flowing through the energizing coils 16 and 17, no operatingflux will be established end the armature normally, under thiscondition, will remain in a neutral position Upon passing a. currentthrough the coils 16 and 17 as connected, hsvin the current enterthlmigll terminal 39 and cave through terminal operating flux willbeestablished in direction and paths as indicated by heavy dash lines onthe drawings. With flux established as shown by the permanent magnet andby the ener izing windings, it is evident thatthere wi be astrengthenetic field in the lower sir producing a net force tending tomove the armature toward pole-piece member 6. The total movement of thearmature, under these conditions will comprise two component movements,first the bending or bowing in the pole-piece plane of the head of theT- shaped. structure at the points of attachment to the pole-piecejunctions and at the necked portions 11 and 12, and secondly, thebending or the shank or the T about the said like amounts of flux in thetwo parts inalignment and therefore the mutual nullifyving effect ofsuch fluxes upon deenergization of the windings.

Obviously, the 'aplication of alternating current to the win in s 16 and17 wil cause a periodic reversal 0 operating flux in the armature andvibration of the armature in synchronism with the source of currentsupply. Assuming a source of alternating current supply connected to thewindings 16 and 17, armature member 9 will vibrate synchronously withthe current supply, thus alternately connecting member 13 with contactmembers 14 and 15. In the circuit shown the members 14 and 15 areshunted and the shunt connection is in series with a source ofelectfical energy 18, the ener izing winding 19 of the local circuit reay, armature member 9 and contact member 13. With members M and 15properly adjusted, circuit closures will be of relatively long durationand circuit breaks of short duration, resulting in the attraction of thelocal relay armature 20 and the closing of the circuit it controls atcontact point 21 on the first contact make of member 9 and the sustainedoperation of armature 20 during the period of vibration of member 9 ofthe polarized relay. This is due to the reestablishment of current andflux in winding. 19 before the flux established during a PI'BVIOHScontact make of member 9 has had time to die out.

Referring to Figure 3, there is disclosed a vpermanent magnet 1 havingtwo trifurouted pole ,ieces. The upper pole piece com-- prises a shapedbase 1 having projectmg members 22 and iZ-l of fixed length andperpendicular to the head of the T-shaped base at the ends thereof andmember 23 mounted perpendicular to and near the end Ill of the shank ofthe T-shaped base and adjustable as to perpendicular projection. The

"ill

those described under Figure 2.

shaped base 42 having projecting members 25 and 27, of fixed length andperpendicular to the head of the T-sbaped base i2 gt the ends thereofand member 26 mounted perpendicular to and near the end of the shank oftile T-sbeped base and cdjnstcble as to perpendicular projection. Thepole pieces are so arranged as to bring members 22 23 and 24respectively end adjacent to members 25, 26 and 27. A Y-slinpedarmature, has the ends of its two parallel members 28 and 30respectively attached to pole piece members 24:, 27 end 22, 25 butseparated from intimate contact therewith by portions of non-magneticmaterial 38, The members of the armature are so dimensioned as to bringthe junction of members 28, 29 end 30 intermediate the end feces ofedjnsteble pole piece members 23 end 26. A chatterless contact member 31is attached to the tail 29 of the Y-sheped nrmetnre end is ositioned socs to be coopernble Wit; odnstnble contact members 32 and 33 mountedrespectively in supports and 35. Energizing windings 36 and S7 errangedto surround respectively members 28 end 30 of the armature but withsnfficient free core specs to permit proper movement of the armature.The electric end magnetic circuits contemplated in the of Figure 3 aresimiler en respects to However, the structural arrangement disclosedFigure 3 is thought to be more compact admits or" large eife'ctivewindin specs,

Wiret is claimed is:

l. Incombinetion, it permanent magnet, edjustable trifurceted polepieces for said magnet, en armature coopereble with said pole pieces endenergizing coils for ssid armature,

2. In combination, a, polarizing magnet, triiurceted pole pieces forsaid magnet each of said pole pieces one adjustnble member, on srmstnreiuicinmed two members or smd pole pieces but movable with respect to thethird member of said pole pieces, and energizing coils placed inoperative reletion seid armature.

3b combination, o polarizing magnet, i'fnrccted pole pieces for saidscid cole nieces having the end oi correspend 1 members adjacent, polepieces na ling one member long m nclly adjustable, en crmegnre inlcrmed. between sdjecent members of seid end movable with respect to s polepiece members, end ener surrounding the portions of sci said pole iecemembers A polsrized reiey structure comprising s sole/rising magnet,tri'fnrceted pole "pieces tner r, escli pole piece having two bers ifixed length in the some plsne s structure comprising eley " trifurcatedpole pieces lengti end one member of stable length, n bifurcatedarmature cci cie with said pole piece, members nd a windings surroundingportions armature, said windin s being so connected es produce magneticflux said n iOi'lS either toward or own f" one 3n (F on dependent on thedirection I curi flow in said windings in Witness WliQlEOf, l hereuntosubsc my this 3rd day or May A. l). 19%

DANIEL D. Milli-Eli.

-. id pole nieces each having n rice

